MDU University Rohtak Syllabus of B.Sc. 1st Semester Physics

MDU University Rohtak Syllabus of B.Sc. Physics 1st Semester

Paper I (Mechanics)

Unit-I: Mechanics of single and system of particles, conservation of laws of linear momentum, angular momentum and mechanical energy, Centre of mass and equation of motion, constrained motion, degrees of freedom.

Unit-II:Generalised coordinates, displacement, velocity, acceleration, momentum, force and potential. Hamilton’s variational principle , Lagrange’s equation of motion from Hamilton’s Principle. Linear Harmonic oscillator, simple pendulum, Atwood’s machine.

Unit-III:Rotation of Rigid body, noment of inertia, torque, angular momentum, kinetic energy of rotation. Theorems of perpendicular and parallel axes with proof. Moment of inertia of solid sphere, hollow sphere, spherical shell, solid cylinder, hollow cylinder and solid bar of rectangular cross-section. Acceleration of a body rolling down on an inclined plane.

Paper-II (ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM)

Unit-I: Mathematical Background : Scalars and Vectors, dot and cross product, Triple vector product, Scalar and Vector fields, Differentiation of a vector, Gradient of a scalar and its physical significance, Integration of a vector (line, surface and volume integral and their physical significance), Gauss’s divergence theorem and Stocks theorem.

Electrostatic Field : Derivation of field E from potential as gradient, derivation of Laplace and Poisson equations. Elecotric flux, Gauss’s Law and its application to spherical shell, uniformly charged infinite plane and uniformity charged straight wire, mechanical force of charged surface, Energy per unit volume.

Unit-II: Magnetostatistics : Magnetic Induction, magetic flux, solenoidal nature of Vector field of induction. Properties of B (i) .B = 0 (ii) xB= J. Electronic theory of dia and para magnetism (Langevin’s theory). Domain theory of ferromagnetism. Cycle of Magnetisation - Hysteresis (Energy dissipation, Hysteresis loss and importance of Hysteresis curve).

Unit-III: Electromagnetic Theory : Maxwell equation and their derivations, Displacement Current. Vector and scalar potentials, boundary conditions at interface between two different media, Propagation of electromagnetic wave (Basic idea, no derivation). Poynting vector and Poynting theorem.

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MDU University Rohtak Syllabus of B.Sc. Physics 4th Semester

Paper I (Statstical Mechanics)

UNIT-I: Probability, some probability considerations, combinations possessing maximum probability, combinations possessing minimum probability, distribution of molecules in two boxes. Case with weightage (general). Phase space, microstates and macrostates, statistical fluctuations, constraints and accessible States. Thermodynamical probability

UNIT-II: Postulates of Statistical Physics. Division of Phase space into cells, Condition of equilibrium between two system in thermal contact. b-Parameter. Entropy and Probability, Boltzman’s distribution law. Evaluation of A and b. Bose-Einstein statistics, Application of B.E. Statistics to Plancks’s radiation law, B.E. gas

UNIT-III: Fermi-Dirac statistics, M.B. Law as limiting case of B.E. Degeneracy and B.E., Condensation. F.D. Gas, electron gas in metals. Zero point energy. Specific heat of metals and its solution.

Papre-II (Optics)

UNIT-I: Interference by Division of Amplitude :Colour of thin films, wedge shaped film, Newton’s rings. Interferometers: Michelson’s interferometer and its application to (I) Standardisation of a meter (II) determination of wave length. Fresnel’s Diffraction : Fresnel’s half period zones, zone plate, diffraction at a straight edge, rectangular slit and circular apperture.

UNIT-II: Fraunhoffer diffraction : One slit diffraction, Two slit diffraction, N-slit diffraction, Plane transmission granting spectrum, Dispersive power of a grating, Limit of resolution, Rayleigh’s criterion, resolving power of a telescope and a grating.

UNIT-III: Polarization :Polarisation and Double Refraction, Polarisation by reflection, Polarisation by scattering, Malus law, Phenomenon of double refraction, Huygen’s wave theory of double refraction (Normal and oblique incidence), Analysis of Palorised light :Nicol prism, Quarter wave plate and half wave plate, production and detection of (i) Plane polarized light (ii) Circularly polarized light and (iii)Elliptically polarized light, Optical activity, Fresnel’s theory of rotation, Specific rotation, Polarimeters (half shade and Biquartz).